Advanced research validates classical principles—the neurobiological mechanisms involved in acupuncture for pain management

Classical acupuncture principle states that acupuncture produces a combination of local effect, distal effect and whole-body effect. How does modern science validate this combination-of-effect principle? This paper presents evidence that the effectiveness of acupuncture results from its local effect, segmental effect and general effect from a neurobiological perspective, which validates the classical principle.